2-Methyl-1-butanol

2-Methyl-1-butanol Basic information
Product Name:2-Methyl-1-butanol
Synonyms:(±)-2-methyl-butan-1-ol;(R,S)-2-Methyl-butan-1-ol;2-methyl-1-butano;2-methyl-1-butanol (active amyl alcohol);PRIM ACTIVE AMYL ALCOHOL;(+/-)-2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL;2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL;2-METHYLBUTYL ALCOHOL
CAS:137-32-6
MF:C5H12O
MW:88.15
EINECS:205-289-9
Product Categories:Alcohols;C2 to C6;Oxygen Compounds;Alphabetical Listings;Flavors and Fragrances;M-N;Pharmaceutical Intermediates;alcohol Flavor
Mol File:137-32-6.mol
2-Methyl-1-butanol Structure
2-Methyl-1-butanol Chemical Properties
Melting point −70 °C(lit.)
Boiling point 130 °C mm Hg(lit.)
alpha -0.1~+0.1°(20℃/D)(neat)
density 0.819 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
vapor density 3 (vs air)
vapor pressure 3 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
FEMA 3998 | (+/-)-2-METHYL-1-BUTANOL
refractive index n20/D 1.411
Fp 110 °F
storage temp. Store below +30°C.
solubility water: slightly soluble3.6g/a00g at 30°C
form Liquid
pka15.24±0.10(Predicted)
color Clear colorless to very slightly yellow
PH7 (H2O)
Odorat 100.00 %. ethereal fusel alcoholic fatty greasy winey whiskey leathery cocoa
Odor Typeethereal
explosive limit1.2-10.3%(V)
Water Solubility 3.6 g/100 mL (30 ºC)
Merck 14,6030
JECFA Number1199
BRN 1718810
LogP1.22
CAS DataBase Reference137-32-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference1-Butanol, 2-methyl-(137-32-6)
EPA Substance Registry System2-Methyl-1-butanol (137-32-6)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn
Risk Statements 10-20-37-66
Safety Statements 46-24/25
RIDADR UN 1105 3/PG 3
WGK Germany 3
RTECS EL5250000
Autoignition Temperature725 °F
TSCA Yes
HazardClass 3
PackingGroup III
HS Code 29051500
Hazardous Substances Data137-32-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
ToxicityLD50 orally in Rabbit: 4170 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 2900 mg/kg
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
2-Methyl-1-butanolEnglish
SigmaAldrichEnglish
ACROSEnglish
ALFAEnglish
2-Methyl-1-butanol Usage And Synthesis
Chemical PropertiesAmyl alcohols (pentanols) have eight isomers. All are flammable, colorless liquids, except the isomer 2,2- dimethyl-1-propanol, which is a crystalline solid.
Chemical Propertiesclear colorless to very slighlty yellow liquid
Chemical Properties(+/–)2-Methyl-1-butanol has a cooked, roasted aroma with fruity or alcoholic undernotes.
OccurrenceReportedly present in over 120 natural food products, including apple, apricot, banana, orange, bilberry, black currant, cranberry, papaya, strawberry, tomato and alcoholic beverages
Uses2-Methyl-1-butanol is a whiskey-scented amyl alcohol that is naturally present in all fruits wine and beer. 2-Methyl-1-butanol is commercially used as a solvent in paints and oils and as flavorant in many processed foods. 2-Methyl-1-butanol has a characteristic redolence, which is thought to account for its active properties as an attractant for hornets and certain wasps, such as yellowjackets, in traps. As a biochemical active ingredient, it has a non-toxic mode of action – targeted pests are killed through physical entrapment.
Uses2-Methyl-1-butanol is a volatile metabolite produced by a number of different plant species. Used as a solvent in organic synthesis (introduction of active amyl group), in lubricants, plasticizers, additives for oils & paints. It is also employed as a perfuming agent.
UsesSolvent, organic synthesis (introduction of active amyl group), lubricants, plasticizers, additives for oils and paints.
DefinitionThe active alcohol from fusel oil. The synthetic product is a racemic mixture of both dextroand levorotatory compounds and therefore not optically active.
Production Methods2-methyl-1-butanol are refined from ethanol production as fusel oil. Isoamyl alcohols are used as solvents for oils, fats, resins, and waxes; in the plastics industry in spinning polyacrylonitrile; and in manufacturing lacquers, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
PreparationPrepared from hydroboration of 2-methyl-1-butene. (–)2-Methyl-1-butanol is isolated by fractional distillation of fusel oil
Aroma threshold valuesOdor threshold in air: detection at 0.14 mg/m3; recognition at 0.83 to 1.7 mg/m3.
General DescriptionS-(-)-2-Methyl-1-butanol is a precursor for the synthesis of chiral liquid crystals. It is a potential new-biofuel.
HazardModerate fire and explosion risk. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.
Flammability and ExplosibilityFlammable
Safety ProfileModerately toxic by skin contact and intraperitoneal routes. Mddly toxic by ingestion. An eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Can cause deafness, delirium, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Incompatible with H2S3. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, spray, mist, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ALCOHOLS.
Potential Exposure(n-isomer); Suspected reprotoxic hazard, Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction), (iso-, primary): Possible risk of forming tumors, Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction), (sec-, active primary-, and other isomers) Primary irritant (w/o allergic reaction). Used as a solvent in organic synthesis and synthetic flavoring, pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors; making plastics and other chemicals; as a flotation agent. The (n-isomer) is used in preparation of oil additives, plasticizers, synthetic lubricants, and as a solvent.
ShippingUN2811 Pentanols, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3- Flammable liquid. UN1987 Alcohols, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
Purification MethodsReflux the butanol with CaO, distil, reflux with magnesium and again fractionally distil it. A small sample of highly purified material is obtained by fractional crystallisation after conversion into a suitable ester such as the trinitrophthalate or the 3-nitrophthalate. The latter is converted to the cinchonine salt in acetone and recrystallised from CHCl3 by adding pentane. The salt is saponified, extracted with ether, and fractionally distilled. [Terry et al. J Chem Eng Data 5 403 1960, Beilstein 1 IV 1666.]
IncompatibilitiesForms an explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong oxidizers and hydrogen trisulfide may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with strong acids. Violent reaction with alkaline earth metals forming hydrogen, a flammable gas.
Waste DisposalDissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
2-Methyl-1-butanol Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materialsFUSEL OIL–>SEC-BUTYL ETHER–>carbon monoxide
Preparation Products2-Methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate–>Methyl isovalerate–>1-METHYLBUTYL ACETATE–>2-METHYLBUTYLAMINE–>5′-Deoxy-5-fluoro-N-[(2-methylbutoxy)carbonyl]cytidine–>ETHYLCYCLOPROPANE–>Tetrahydrofuran–>Benzenemethanamine, α-methyl-N-(2-methylbutyl)-

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